尽管Java中的Jdk与Tomcat的部署,对于开发者来说是探囊取物的事。但是我的学生想学习Nginx+Tomcat集群,因此,我还得从基础的教程开始写起。
软件准备:
主机IP:外网:10.0.0.31,内网:172.16.1.31
主机名:web01
Jdk下载地址:https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html
Tomcat下载地址:https://tomcat.apache.org/download-80.cgi
创建一个文件夹/application/tools,预先下载好Jdk和Tomcat,并上传到该文件夹中。
[root@NFS ~]# mkdir -p /application/tools
[root@NFS ~]# cd /application/tools
[root@NFS application]# rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
[root@NFS application]# ll
total 199660
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10291220 Nov 26 2019 apache-tomcat-8.5.49.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 194151339 Nov 26 2019 jdk-8u231-linux-x64.tar.gz
[root@NFS application]#
Jdk安装:
1.解压Jdk到指定目录/application,-C :解压到指定目录。
[root@NFS tools]# tar -xf jdk-8u231-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /application/
[root@NFS tools]# ll /application/
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 7 uucp 143 4096 Oct 5 18:13 jdk1.8.0_231
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 23 18:36 tools
[root@NFS tools]#
2.创建软连接(方便开发者)
[root@NFS tools]# ln -s /application/jdk1.8.0_231/ /application/jdk
[root@NFS tools]# cd ..
[root@NFS application]# ll
total 8
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26 Nov 23 18:38 jdk -> /application/jdk1.8.0_231/
drwxr-xr-x 7 uucp 143 4096 Oct 5 18:13 jdk1.8.0_231
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 23 18:36 tools
[root@NFS application]#
3.配置环境变量:(cat >>/etc/profile)
cat >>/etc/profile<<'EOF' export JAVA_HOME=/application/jdk export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar EOF
请注意'EOF',如果写成EOF,那么其中的文本中的变量自动解析成对应的字符串,如下:
不加单引号:EOF (cat >/application/test.txt 表示清空后输入,cat >>/application/test.txt 表示追加内容)
[root@NFS application]# cat >/application/test.txt<<EOF > export JAVA_HOME=/application/jdk > export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH > export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar > EOF [root@NFS application]# cat test.txt export JAVA_HOME=/application/jdk export PATH=/bin:/jre/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin export CLASSPATH=.:/lib:/jre/lib:/lib/tools.jar [root@NFS application]#
加单引号:'EOF'(cat >/application/test.txt 表示清空后输入,cat >>/application/test.txt 表示追加内容)
[root@NFS application]# cat >/application/test.txt<<'EOF' > export JAVA_HOME=/application/jdk > export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH > export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar > EOF [root@NFS application]# cat test.txt export JAVA_HOME=/application/jdk export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar [root@NFS application]#
添加环境变量并让其生效:(请关注上面红色字体)
[root@NFS application]# cat >>/etc/profile<<'EOF'
> export JAVA_HOME=/application/jdk
> export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH
> export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
> EOF
[root@NFS application]# source /etc/profile
[root@NFS application]#
4.测试Java环境
[root@NFS application]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_231"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_231-b11)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.231-b11, mixed mode)
[root@NFS application]#
Tomcat部署:
1.解压Tomcat到/application中
[root@NFS application]# cd tools/
[root@NFS tools]# tar xf apache-tomcat-8.5.49.tar.gz -C /application/
[root@NFS tools]#
2.创建软连接
[root@NFS tools]# ln -s /application/apache-tomcat-8.5.49/ /application/tomcat
[root@NFS tools]# ll /application/
total 16
drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 4096 Nov 23 19:07 apache-tomcat-8.5.49
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26 Nov 23 18:38 jdk -> /application/jdk1.8.0_231/
drwxr-xr-x 7 uucp 143 4096 Oct 5 18:13 jdk1.8.0_231
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 34 Nov 23 19:08 tomcat -> /application/apache-tomcat-8.5.49/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 23 18:36 tools
[root@NFS tools]#
3.配置Tomcat环境变量,并让其生效
[root@NFS tools]# echo 'export TOMCAT_HOME=/application/tomcat'>>/etc/profile
[root@NFS tools]# source /etc/profile
4.修改软件权限。先查看Jdk,发现所对应的的所有者和用户组在系统中不存在,我这里只有jdk的用户有问题,有时候tomcat的所有者也会存在问题。
[root@NFS application]# ll
total 16
drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 4096 Nov 23 19:07 apache-tomcat-8.5.49
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26 Nov 23 18:38 jdk -> /application/jdk1.8.0_231/
drwxr-xr-x 7 uucp 143 4096 Oct 5 18:13 jdk1.8.0_231
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 179 Nov 23 18:46 test.txt
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 34 Nov 23 19:08 tomcat -> /application/apache-tomcat-8.5.49/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 23 18:36 tools
[root@NFS application]# ll jdk1.8.0_231/
total 26000
drwxr-xr-x 2 uucp 143 4096 Oct 5 18:11 bin
-r--r--r-- 1 uucp 143 3244 Oct 5 18:10 COPYRIGHT
drwxr-xr-x 3 uucp 143 4096 Oct 5 18:10 include
-rw-r--r-- 1 uucp 143 5217015 Sep 11 15:05 javafx-src.zip
drwxr-xr-x 5 uucp 143 4096 Oct 5 18:11 jre
drwxr-xr-x 5 uucp 143 4096 Oct 5 18:11 lib
-r--r--r-- 1 uucp 143 44 Oct 5 18:10 LICENSE
drwxr-xr-x 4 uucp 143 4096 Oct 5 18:10 man
-r--r--r-- 1 uucp 143 159 Oct 5 18:10 README.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 uucp 143 424 Oct 5 18:10 release
-rw-r--r-- 1 uucp 143 21075008 Oct 5 18:10 src.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 uucp 143 116468 Sep 11 15:05 THIRDPARTYLICENSEREADME-JAVAFX.txt
-r--r--r-- 1 uucp 143 170063 Oct 5 18:10 THIRDPARTYLICENSEREADME.txt
[root@NFS application]#
为了以防万一,我们会选择把jdk和Tomcat的所有者和用户组都赋给root用户。
[root@NFS application]# chown -R root.root /application/jdk/ /application/tomcat/
[root@NFS application]# ll
total 16
drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 4096 Nov 23 19:07 apache-tomcat-8.5.49
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26 Nov 23 18:38 jdk -> /application/jdk1.8.0_231/
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Oct 5 18:13 jdk1.8.0_231
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 179 Nov 23 18:46 test.txt
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 34 Nov 23 19:08 tomcat -> /application/apache-tomcat-8.5.49/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 23 18:36 tools
[root@NFS application]# ll jdk
jdk/ jdk1.8.0_231/
[root@NFS application]# ll jdk1.8.0_231/
total 26000
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 5 18:11 bin
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 3244 Oct 5 18:10 COPYRIGHT
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Oct 5 18:10 include
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5217015 Sep 11 15:05 javafx-src.zip
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Oct 5 18:11 jre
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Oct 5 18:11 lib
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 44 Oct 5 18:10 LICENSE
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Oct 5 18:10 man
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 159 Oct 5 18:10 README.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 424 Oct 5 18:10 release
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 21075008 Oct 5 18:10 src.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 116468 Sep 11 15:05 THIRDPARTYLICENSEREADME-JAVAFX.txt
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 170063 Oct 5 18:10 THIRDPARTYLICENSEREADME.txt
[root@NFS application]#
5.测试Tomcat与Jdk。
[root@NFS application]# /application/tomcat/bin/version.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /application/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /application/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /application/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /application/jdk
Using CLASSPATH: /application/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/application/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Server version: Apache Tomcat/8.5.49
Server built: Nov 17 2019 18:45:30 UTC
Server number: 8.5.49.0
OS Name: Linux
OS Version: 2.6.32-696.el6.x86_64
Architecture: amd64
JVM Version: 1.8.0_231-b11
JVM Vendor: Oracle Corporation
[root@NFS application]#
显示当前Jdk和Tomcat的版本和路径信息,以及系统信息,说明Jdk和Tomcat部署没有问题。

